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REFERENCES

 

 

I. ADHD and Brain Imaging studies

 

A

 

Amen DG, et al.  High-Resolution Brain SPECT imaging in ADHD.  American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists; 1997;9, No. 2; 81-85.

B

 

Amen DG, et al.  Oppositional children similar to OCD on SPECT: implications for treatment. J Neurotherapy 3 1997;August;:1-7

C

 

Amen DG, et al.  High Resolution brain SPECT imaging in psychiatry provides real help for patients .Diagnostic Imaging November :85-88 1996;

D

 

Amen DG, et al.  Brain SPECT findings and aggressiveness. Annals of Clincial Psychiatry 9 2; 81-6 1996;

E

 

Barch DM, et al.  Dissociating working memory from task difficulty in human prefrontal cortex.  Neuropsychologia, 35; 1373-1380 1997;

F

 

Braver TS, et al.  A Parametric Study of Prefrontal Cortex Involvement in Human Working Memory.  Neuroimage, 5; 49-62. 1997;

G

 

 

Berman KF, et al.  Physiological Activation Of A Cortical Network During Performance Of The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: A Positron Emission Tomography Study. Neuropsychologica Vol 33. pp. 1027-1046 1995;

H

 

Carter CS, et al.  Functional Hypofrontality and Working Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia.  The American J Psych. Volume 1559; 1285-1287.1998;  

I

 

Catafau, A Brain SPECT in Clinical Practice. Part I: Perfusion. The

Journal of Nuclear Medicine. Vol 42. n2. Feb 2001 p.259-271

J

 

Cohen. JD, et al.  Activation of prefrontal cortex in a non-spatial working memory task with functional MRI.  Human Brain Mapping; 293-304 1994;

K

 

Cohen JD, et al.  Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task.  Nature 1997;386:6625; April 10,604-608.

L

 

Drevets, WC, et al A functional Anatomy Study of Unipolar Depression. J.

Neuroscience, 12:3628-3641, 1992

K

 

Ernst M, et al.  Reduced Brain Metabolism in Hyperactive Girls.  American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychology 1994;33:6, 858-868.

M

 

 

Ernst M, et al.  Effects of Intravenous Dextroamphetamine on Brain Metabolism in Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyper-activity Disorder ADHD;.  Psychopharmacol Bull  302;: 219-225.1994;

N

 

Fiez JA, et al.  A positron emission tomography study of the short-term maintenance of verbal information.  The J Neuroscience volume 16; 808-822. 

O

 

 

Kohn RG, et al.  Evaluation of Subcortical and Limbic Structures in Psychiatric Disease with HMPAO Brain SPECT. Supp Radiology Nov.2000 vol 217P;: Q 42NM-P

P

 

Kohn RG, et al.  High Resolution Brain SPECT in Clinical Psychiatry: to Quantify of Not. Neuroimage vol 13.no.6 June 2001

Q

 

 

Kohn RG, Pavel DG, et al.  How does high-resolution brain SPECT help in ADHD, ANPA Abstracts,  The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. volume 14 number 1 Winter 2002 p119

R

 

Laberge D, et al.  Positron emission tomographic measurements of pulvinar activity during an attention task.  The J Neuroscience volume 10; 613-619.

S

 

 

Langleben, D.d., et al Interhemispheric asymmetry of regional cerebral blood

flow in prepubescent boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Nuclear Medicine Communcications, 2001, 22, 133-1340

T

 

 

Langleben D, et al.  Methylphenidate Ritalin; effect on the total brain uptake of Tc-99m Ethyl Cysternate Dimer ECD; in boys with ADHD performing an attention task.  Supplement Journal Nuclear Medicine 1998;39:5 203.

U

 

 

Langleben D, et al.  Comparison of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow on and off Methylphenidate Ritalin; in boys with ADHD.  Supplement J Nuclear Medicine 1998;39-5. 203

V

 

Lou Hans C, et al.  Striatal Dysfunction in Attention Deficit and Hyperkinetic Disorder.  Arch Neurol 1989;46:48-52

W

 

Lou Hans C, et al.  Focal Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Children with Dysphasia and/or ADHD.  Arch Neurol. volume 41; 823. 1998;

X

 

MacLeod AK, et al.  Right Anterior Prefrontal Cortex Activation during Semantic Monitoring and Working Memory.  Neuroimage 7; 41-48. 1998;  

Y

 

 

Matochik JA, et al.  Effects of Acute Stimulant Medication on Cerebral Metabolism in Adults with Hyperactivity.  Neuropsychopharmacology 84; 377-386. 1993;.

Z

 

 

Morris RG, et al.  Neural Correlates of Planning Ability: Frontal Lobe Activation during The Tower Of London Test. Neuropsychologia vol 31. no 12 pp. 1367-1378. 1993;

AA

 

 

O’Tuama LA, et al.  Brain Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography for Behavior Disorders in Children.  Seminars in Nuclear Medicine volume XXIII, no. 3; 255-263 1993;.

BB

 

Pardo JV, et al.  Localization of a human system for sustained attention by positron emission tomography.  Nature vol 349; 61-63.

CC

 

 

Pavel DG, Kohn RG, et al. Good-quality brain SPECTS: necessary and sufficient prerequisites, ANPA Abstracts,  The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences; volume 14 number 1 Winter 2002 p120 

DD

 

Rubia K, et al.  Mesial hypofrontality in ADHD during motor timing  Neuroimage volume 7 number 4; 114.

EE

 

Sieg KG, et al.  SPECT Brain Imaging Abnormalities in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.  Clinical Nuclear Medicine; 201;: 55-60 1995;

FF

 

 

Trzepacz PT, et al.  The Relationship of SPECT Scans to Behavioral Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Patients.  Psychosomatics vol33 no 1; 62-71.1992;

GG

 

Tzourio NA, et al.  Functional Anatomy of Human Auditory Attention Studied with PET.  Neuroimage 1997;5:63-77.

HH

 

Zametkin AJ, et al.  Brain Metabolism in Teenagers with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Ach Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:333-340

II

 

 

Zametkin AJ, et al.  Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Adults with Hyperactivity of Childhood Onset.  New England J Medicine 32320;1361-1366.1990;

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II.  Dementia

A

 

 

Celsis P.  Focal cerebral hypoperfusion and selective cognitive deficit in dementia of the Alzheimer Type.  J Neurol, Neurosurg, & Psych., 1987:50-1602-1612.

B

 

Cohen D.  Brain SPECT Imaging with Tc-99m HM-PAO in Creutzfeld Jakob Disease Clin Nucl Med 1989; 14:808-810

C

 

Coupland D.  Bilateral Subdural Hematomas Diagnosed with Technetium-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1915-1917  

D

 

 

Deisenhammer E.  Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography SPECT; and X-Ray CT in Patients with Dementia.  Psychiatry Research, 29; 443-335 Elsevier.

E

 

Eberling JL.  Reduced Temporal Love Blood Flow in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurobiology of Aging, Vol. 13, pp.483-491, 1992.

F

 

 

Holman LB.  The Scintigraphic appearance of Alzheimer’s disease: A Prospective Study Using Technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT. J Nucl Med 1992; 33:181-185

G

 

Holman LB.  A Comparison of Brain Perfusion SPECT in Cocaine Abuse and AIDS Demential Complex J Nucl Med 1992; 33:1312-1315

H

 

 

Hurwitz TA.  Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Using 99m-Tc-HM-PAO in the Routine Evaluation of Alzheimer’s Disease Can J. Neurol. Sci. 1991; 18:59-62

I

 

Jagust WJ.  The Diagnosis of Dementia with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography.  Arch Neuro 1987;44:

  J

 

Preclinical Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease Using SPECT. K.A. Johnson, M.D.; K. Jones; B.L. Holman, M.D.: J.A. Becker, BS; P.A. Spiers, PhD.; A Satlin, M.D. and M.S. Albert PhD. Neurology 50 June 1998 p.1563-1571

K

 

Perani D.  Technetium-99m HM-PAO-SPECT Study of Regional Cerebral Perfusion in Early Alzheimer’s Disease.  J Nucl Med 29: 1507-1514, 1998

L

 

Pohl P.  Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography in AIDS Dementia Complex J Nucl Med 1988; 29:1382-1386

M

 

 

Spampinato U.  99mTc;-HM-PAO SPECT and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: a comparison with dementia of the Alzheimer type. J of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1991; 54:787-792

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III.  Traumatic Brain Injury

A

 

 

Abdel-Dayem HM.  Brain Perfusion Abnormalities Following Minor/Moderate Closed Head injury: Comparison Between Early and Late Imaging in Two Groups of Patients. Eur J Nucl Med, 1994, page 750.

B

 

 

Gray BG.  Technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT in the Evaluation of Patients with a Remote History of Traumatic Brian Injury: A Comparison with X-Ray Computed Tomography. Journal Nucl Med, 1992;33:52-58/

C

 

 

Masanori I.  Technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT, CT and MRI in the Evaluation of Patients with Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury: A correlation with Neuropsychological Performance. J Nucl Med 1994; 35:217-226.

D

 

Newton MR.  A study comparing Spect with CT and MRI after closed head injury. J of Neurol, Neurosurg, and Psychiatry 1992; 55:92-94.

E

 

 

Oder W.  Behavioral and Psychosocial sequaelae of severe closed head injury and regional blood flow: a SPECT study. J of Neurol, Neurosurg and Psychiatry. 1992; 55:475-480.

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IV.  Stroke

A

 

Alberts M, et al.  Stroke With Negative Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Stroke, Vol 23, No. 5, May, 1992, 663-667.

B

 

Alberts MJ, et al.  Stroke with negative Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Stroke 1992: 23663-667.

C

 

Bamford J, et al.  Clinical examination in diagnosis and sub classification of stroke Lancet 1992; 339:400-402.

D

 

 

Bowler JV, et al.  Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Using Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime in the Prognosis of Acute Cerebral Infarction.  Stroke, Vol 27, No. 1, Jan., 1996, 82-86.

E

 

 

Foster NL, et al.  Blood Flow Imaging of a Posterior Circulation Stroke.  Use of Technetium Tc 99m Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Arch Neurol-Vol 45, June, 1988, 687-690. 

F

 

Giubilei F, et al.  Predictive Value of Brain Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Acute Ischemic Stroke Stroke 1990; 21:895-900. 

G

 

 

Laloux P, et al.  Comparative Correlations of HMPAO SPECT Indices, Neurological Score, and Stroke Subtypes With Clinical Outcome in Acute Carotid Infarcts Stroke, Vol 26, No.5, May, 1995, 816-821.

H

 

Limburg M, et al.  rCBF-SPECT in brain Infarction: When Does It Predict Outcome? J Nucl Med 1991; 32:382-387.

I

 

 

Moretti JJ, et al.  Luxury perfusion with 99m-Tc-HMPAO and 123-I-IMP SPECT imaging during the subacute phase of stroke Eur J Nucl Med 1990; 16:17-22.

J

 

 

Mountz JM, et al.  Prognostication of Recovery Following Stroke Using the Comparison of CT and Technetium-99m HM-PAO SPECT. J Nucl Med 1990; 31:61-66.

K

 

von Arbin M, et al.  Accuracy of Bedside Diagnosis in Stroke Stroke 1981; 12:288-293.

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V.  Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A

 

 

Adler CM, et al.  fMRI of Neuronal activation with symptom provocation in unmedicated patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. J Psychiatric Research 2000;34:317-324.

B

 

 

Baxter LM, et al.  Brain Imaging as a Tool in Establishing a Theory of Brain  Pathology in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Jl Clin Psychiatry 51:2 Suppl; 1990;2:22-25.

C

 

Baxter LM, et al.  PET Imaging in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder with and without Depression, Clin Psychiatry 55:10 Suppl;,Oct 1994 p.54-59.

D

 

 

Baxter LM, et al.  Caudate Glucose Metabolic Rate Changes With Both Drug and Behavior Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, General Psychiatry:1992;49:681-689.

E

 

 

Brody AL, et al.  FDG-PET predictors of response to behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy in obsessive compulsive disorder, Psychiatry Research: 1998;84:1-6.

F

Machlin SS, et al.  Elevated Medial-Frontal Cerebral Blood Flow in 148:09:00 

G

 

 

Modell J, et al.  Neurophysiologic Dysfunction in Basal Ganglia/Limbic Striatal and Thalamocortical Circuits as a Pathogenetic Mechanism of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Neuropsychiatry:1989;1:27-36.

H

 

Saxena S, et al.  Neuroimaging and frontal subcortical circuitry in obsessive compulsive disorder. Brit J. Psychiat: 1998;173:26-38.

I

 

 

Saxena S, et al.  Localized Orbitofrontal and Subcortical Metabolic Changes and  Predictors of Response to Paroxetine Treatment in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Neurophsych:1999;21:683-691.

J

 

Stein D, et al.  Neurobiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, Biological Psychiatry :2000 ; 47-296-304.

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VI.  ADHD

A

 

Arnold LE.  Methylphenidate vs. amphetamine: comparative review.  J Attention Disord 2000;3:200-211.

B

 

Barkley RA.  Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.  Scientific American. September 1998.

C

 

 

Barkley RA,  Murphy KR, Kwasnkik D.  Motor-vehicle driving competencies and risks in teen and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 1996;98:1089-1095.

D

 

Biederman J.  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder:a life span perspective. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59suppl 7;:4-16

E

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keinan K, et al.  Family-genetic and psychosocial risk factors in DSM-III attention deficit disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990;29:526-533.

F

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone S, Mick E, et al.  Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and juvenile mania: an overlooked comorbidity? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:997-1008

G

 

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone SV, Mick E, et al.  Clinical correlates of ADHD in Females: findings from a large group of girls ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38:966-975.

H

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone SV, Milberg S, et al.  Predictors of persistence and remission of ADHD into adolescence: results from a four year prospective follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:343-351

I

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone SV, Spencer T, et al.  Gender differences in a sample of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Research 1994;53:13-29.

J

 

 

Biederman J, Faraone SV, Spencer T, et al.  Patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, congnition, and psychosocial functioning in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1792-1798

K

 

 

 

Biederman J, Lopez F, Boellner S, et al.  A randomized, controlled trial of SL1381 in a naturalistic setting.  Poster presentation at the 2001 International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Conference; June 30, 2001; Vancouver, British Columbia.

L

 

 

Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV.  Age dependent decline of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: impact of remission definition and symptom type. Am J Psychiatry2000;157:816-818.

M

 

 

Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV.  Depression in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD; children: True depression of demoralization? J Affect Disord 1998;47:113-122.

N

 

Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV.  Normalized functioning in youths with persistent attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Pediatr 1998;133:544-551. 

O

 

 

Biederman J, Wilens TE, Mick E, et al.  Pharmacotherapy of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder reduces risk for substance use disorder. Pediatrics 1999;104:e20

P

 

Castellanos FX.  Toward a pathophysiology of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Pediatrics 1997;36:381-393

Q

 

 

Castellanos FX, Giedd JN, March WL, et al.  Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Arch Ben Psychiatry 1996;53:607-616.

R

 

Finding RL, Dogin JW.  Psychopharmacology of ADHD: children and adolescents. J Clin psychiatry 1998;59suppl 7;:42-49.

S

 

 

Goldman LS, Genel M, Bezman RJ, et al.  Diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents JAMA 1998;279:1100-1107.

T

 

 

Hudziak JJ, Rudiger LP, Neale MC, et al.  A twin study of inattentive, aggressive, and anxious/depressed behaviors. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:469-476.

U

 

 

Hynd GW, Hern KL, Novey ES, et al.  Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and asymmetry of the caudate nucleus. J Child Neurol 1993;8:339-347.

V

 

 

Hynd GW, Semrund-Clikeman M, Lorys AR, et al.  Brain morphology in developmental dyslexia and attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity. Arch Neurol 1990;47:919-926.

W

 

 

Jensen PS, Kettle L, Roper Mt, et al.  Are stimulants overprescribed? Treatment of ADHD in four US communities. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38:794-804.

X

 

 

Law SF, Schachar RJ.  Do typical clinical doses of methylphenidate cause tics in children treated for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38:944-951.

Y

 

Mostofsky SH, Reiss AL, Lockhart P, et al.  Evaluation of cerebellar size in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Neurol 1998;13:434-439.

Z

 

Pliszka SR.  Comorbidity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an overview. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59suppl 7;:50-58.

AA

 

 

 

Pliszka SR, Greenhill LL, Crismon ML, et al.  The Texas Children’s Medication Algorithm Project: Report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on medication treatment of childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Part 1. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:908-919.

BB

 

 

 

Pliszka SR, Greenhill LL, Crismon ML, et al.  The Texas Children’s Medication Algorithm Project: Report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on medication treatment of childhood attention deficit disorder. Pare 2: tactics. J AM Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:920-927.

CC

 

 

Seidman LJ, Biederman J, Weber W, et al.  Neuropsychological function in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1998;44:260-268.

DD

 

 

Sherman DK, Iacono WG, McGue MK. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder dimensions: a twin study of inattention and impulsivity-hyperactivity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;36:745-53.

EE

 

Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Wilens T.  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity. Pediatr Clin North Am 1999;46:915-927.

FF

 

Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T.  Growth deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 1998;102:501-506.

GG

 

 

Vaidya CJ, Austin G, et al.  Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a functional magnetic resonance study> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:14494-14499.

HH

 

 

Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, et al.  Effects of  methylphenidate on regional brain glucose metabolism in humans: relationship to dopamine D2 receptors. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:50-55.

II

 

Wender PH.  Pharmacotherapy of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59suppl 7;:76-79.

JJ

 

 

Wilens TE, Spencer TJ.  Combining methylphenidate and clonidine: a clinically sound medication option. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38:614-616,619-620.

KK

 

Zametkin AJ, Ernst M.  Problems in the management of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder. N Engl J Med 1999;340:40-46.

LL

 

 Zametkin AJ, Liotta W.  The neurobiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59 suppl 7;:17-23.

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VII.  Neuroanatomy

 

A. Frontal-Orbital and Dorsal PFC
B. Basal Ganglia
C. Cingulate cortex
D. Thalamus
E. Temporal and Amygdala
F. Parietal

G.

Insula

 


 

A. Frontal-Orbital and Dorsal PFC

1

 

 

Anderson S, et al.  Impairment of Social and Moral Behavior Related to Early Damage in Human Prefrontal Cortex.  Nature Neuroscience Volume 2 no. 11 Nov. 1999; 1032-1037.

2

 

 

Damasio A, et al.  Individuals with Sociopathic Behavior Caused by Frontal Damage Fail to Respond Autonomically to Social Stimuli.  Behavioural Brain Research, 41 1990; 81-94.

3

 

Dolan R.  On the Neurology of Morals.  Nature Neuroscience Volume 2 no. 11 Nov. 1999; 927-929.

4

 

Drevets, WC,Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders.

Nature, 386:824-827, 1997.

 

5

 

 

Drevets, WC, Functional Neuroimaging STudies of Depression: Anatomy of

Melancholia. Annual Reveiwof Medicine; Annual Reveiws Inc. 49:331-361 1998

6

 

Freedman M, et al.  Orbitofrontal Function, Object Alternation and Perseveration.  Cerebral Cortex Jan/Feb 1998; 8:18-27.

7

 

Fuster J.  The Prefrontal Cortex Anatomy,  Physiology and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe.  Lippincott-Raven 3rd ed., 1997

8

 

Fuster J.  Memory in the Cerebral Cortex;  An Empirical Approach to Neural Networks in the Human and Nonhuman Primate. MIT Press, 1995

9

 

 

Goldman-Rakic PS.  Circuitry of Primate Prefrontal Cortex and Regulation of Behavior by Representational Memory.  Handbook of Physiology 1987; 1:9:373-417.

10

 

Lichter, D, Cummings, J.  Frontal-subcortical Circuits in Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders.  Guilford Press. 2000

11

 

 

Mesulam MM.  Acetylcholinesterase-rich Projections from the Basal Forebrain of the Rhesus Monkey to Neocortex.  Brain Research 1091976; 152-157.

12

 

Mesulam MM.  Human Brain Cholinergic Pathways.  Progress in Brain Research Volume 84; 26:231-241.

13

Rolls, E,  The Brain and Emotion.  Oxford University Press, 1999

Back to Neuroanatomy


 

B. Basal Ganglia

1

 

Alexander GE, et al.  Parallel Organization of Ffunctionally Segregated Circuits Linking Basal Ganglia and Cortex.  Neuroscience 1986; 9:357-381.

2

 

Bhatia KP, et al.  The Behavioural and Motor Consequences of Focal Lesions of the Basal Ganglia in Man.  Brain 1994; 859-876.

3

 

 

Houk JC, et al.  Distributed Modular Architectures Linking Basal Ganglia, Cerebral Cortex: Their Role in Planning and Controlling Action.  Cerebral Cortex 1995;2:95-110

4

 

Houk JC, et al.  Models of Information Processing in the Basal Ganglia.  Neuroscience1995;612-689

5

Kita H.  GABAergic circuits of the striatum.  Brain Research 1993;4:51-72

6

 

Middleton FA, et al.  Basal Ganglia Output and Cognition: Evidence from Anatomical, Behavioral, and Clinical Studies.  Brain2000;42:183-200

7

 

Parent A, et al.  Functional Anatomy of the Basal Ganglia: the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop.  Brain Research Reviews 20 1995; 91-127.  

8

 

Saint-Cyr JA.  Behavior and the Basal Ganglia.  Advances in Neurology Volume 65; 1-28.

Back to Neuroanatomy


 

C. Cingulate Cortex

1

 

Devinsky O, et al.  Contributions of Anterior Cingulate cortex to Behaviour.Review Article; Brain 1995;118:279-306

2

 

 

Mayberg HS, et al.  Reciprocal Limbic-Cortical Function and Negative Mood: Converging PET Findings in Depression and Normal Sadness. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:675-682

3

 

Mayberg HS, et al.  Cingulate Function in depression: a potential predictor of treatment response. NeuroReport 1997; 8:1057-1061

4

 

Pandya DN, et al.  Efferent Connections of the Cingulate Gyrus in the Rhesus Monkey. Brain Research 1981;42:319-330 

5

 

Pardo JV.  The anterior cingulated cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm. Neurobiology 1990;87:256-259

6

 

Talairach J, et al.  The Cingulate Gyrus and Human Behaviour. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1973;34:45-52

7

 

Vogt BA, et al.  Cingulate Cortex of the Rhesus Monkey: II. Cortical Afferents. The J Comparative Neurology 1987;262:271-289

8

 

 

Vogt BA.  Structural Organization of Cingulate Cortex: Areas, Neurons, and Somatodendritic Transmitter Receptors. Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus 1993;1:20-70

Back to Neuroanatomy


 

D. Thalamus

1

 

 

 

Bentivoglio M, et al.  Limbic Thalamus: Structure, Intrinsic Organization, and Connections. Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus in A Comprehensive Handbook.Vogt and Gabriel ed, Birkhauser pub 1993;2:71-122

2

 

Ilinsky IA, et al.  Organization of the Nigrothalamocortical System in the Rhesus Monkey. The J Comparative Neurology 1985; 236:315-330

3

 

 

Vogt LJ, et al.  Limbic Thalamus in Rabbit: Architecture, Projections to Cingulate Cortex and Distribution of Muscarinic Acetylcholine, GABA, and Opioid Receptors.1992;319:205-217

Back to Neuroanatomy


 

E. Temporal and Amygdala

1

 

Adolphs R, et al.  Recognition of facial emotion in nine individuals with bilateral amygdala damage Neuropsychologia 1999;37: 1111-1117

2

 

 

Drevets, WC, Glucose metabolism in the amygdala in depression: relationship

to diagnostic subtype and stressed plasma cortisol levels. Pharmacol Biochem

Behav. 71 431-447: 2002

3

 

Kita H, et al.  Amygdaloid Projections to the Frontal Cortex and the Striatum in the Rat The J Comparative Neurology 1990; 298: 40-49

4

 

 

LeDoux JE.  Different Projections of the Central Amygdaloid Nucleus Mediate Autonomic and Behavioral Correlates of Conditioned Fear The J Neuroscience 1988; 87: 2517-2529

5

 

LeDoux JE.  Emotion, Memory and the Brain Scientific American 1994; 

50-57

6

 

LeDoux JE.  EMOTION: Clues from the Brain Annu. Rev. Psychology  1995; 46:209-235

7

 

LeDoux JE.  The Emotional Brain The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life.  Simon and Schuster 1996

8

 

 

Packard MG, et al.  Amygdala Modulation of Multiple Memory Systems: Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 1998; 69:163-203

9

 

 

Seltzer B, et al.  Afferent Cortical Connections and Architectonics of the Superior Temporal Sulcus and Surrounding Cortex in the Rhesus Monkey Brain Research 1978; 149:1-24

10

 

Seltzer B, et al.  Frontal Lobe Connections of the Superior Temporal Sulcus in the Rhesus Monkey The J Comparative Neurology 1989; 281: 97-113

11

 

Thomas, KM, et al Amygdala response to facial expressions in children and

adults. Biol.Psychiatry 49 (4):309-16,2001

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F.  Parietal

1

 

 

Mesulam MM, et al.  Limbic and Sensory Connections of the Inferior Parietal Lobule (area pg) in the Rhesus Monkey: A study with a new method for horseradish peroxidase histochemistry Brain Research 1997;136:393-414 

2

 

Petrides M.  Projections to the Frontal Cortex from the Posterior Parietal Region in the Rhesus Monkey The J Comparative Neurology 1984;228:105-116

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G.  Insula

1

 

Augustine, J.R. Circuitry and Functional Aspects of the Insular Lobe in Primates Including Humans. Brain Research Reviews 22 (1996 ) 229-244.

2

 

 

Mesulam MM, et al.  Insula of the Old World Monkey. I: Architectonics in the Insulo-orbito-temporal Component of the Paralimbic Brain The J Comparative Neurology 1982;212: 1-22

3

 

 

Mufson EJ, et al.  Insula of the Old World Monkey. II: Afferent Cortical Input and Comments on the Claustrum The J Comparative Neurology 1982; 212:23-37

4

 

Mufson EJ, et al.  Insular Interconnections with the Amygdala in the Rhesus Monkey Neuroscience 1981; 6:1231-1248.

5

 

Penfield W.   Insula; further observations on its function. Brain 1955; 78: 446-470.

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